Understanding "伤害" - Chinese Word Explanation

1. Basic Information

• Word: 伤害
• Pinyin: shānghài
• Literal Meaning: "Injury" (伤) + "Harm" (害)
• Primary Meaning: To harm, injure, or cause damage (physical, emotional, or psychological).

2. In-depth Explanation

Context and Usage

"伤害" is a versatile word used to describe harm or injury in various contexts:
- Physical harm: Causing bodily injury (e.g., accidents, violence).
- Emotional harm: Hurting someone’s feelings (e.g., harsh words, betrayal).
- Psychological harm: Damaging mental well-being (e.g., trauma, abuse).
- Abstract harm: Damaging relationships, reputations, or objects.

It can be used in both formal and informal settings, often appearing in discussions about health, relationships, and ethics.

Character Breakdown

• 伤 (shāng): Means "injury," "wound," or "to hurt."
• 害 (hài): Means "harm," "damage," or "evil."
  Together, they emphasize the idea of causing negative effects, whether tangible or intangible.

3. Example Sentences

1. Chinese: 他的话伤害了她的感情。
   Pinyin: Tā de huà shānghài le tā de gǎnqíng.
   English: His words hurt her feelings.

2. Chinese: 吸烟会伤害你的健康。
   Pinyin: Xīyān huì shānghài nǐ de jiànkāng.
   English: Smoking will harm your health.

3. Chinese: 我们应该避免伤害野生动物。
   Pinyin: Wǒmen yīnggāi bìmiǎn shānghài yěshēng dòngwù.
   English: We should avoid harming wild animals.

Cultural Notes

In Chinese culture, avoiding "伤害" is often tied to Confucian values of harmony and respect. Causing harm (especially emotional) is seen as disruptive to social relationships. The word is also commonly used in legal and moral discussions, reflecting the importance of protecting others' well-being.

Conclusion

"伤害" (shānghài) is a key word for expressing harm or injury in Chinese. Whether physical, emotional, or abstract, it covers a wide range of negative impacts. Remember its components—伤 (injury) and 害 (harm)—to better understand its usage. Practice with the examples to master this essential term!